Climate Change and Energy – GRI Index

GRI-305-4

GHG emissions intensity

In 2025, Scope 1 emissions remained broadly stable, with no significant year-over-year changes. Following the expansion cycle, operations entered a period of stabilization, with no major capital investments or structural changes. As a result, energy consumption remained broadly in line with levels observed in previous years.

During the same period, Scope 2 emissions from purchased electricity, calculated using the market-based approach, decreased by approximately 3%. This reduction reflects the Company's continued commitment to sourcing 100% of its electricity from renewable sources through the purchase of renewable energy certificates.

Klabin’s Scope 3 emissions decreased by approximately 2% during the period. This reduction was primarily driven by lower greenhouse gas emissions in the Purchased Goods and Services category (Category 1), reflecting gains in forest productivity and improved data quality achieved through the Value Chain Engagement Program.

Higher productivity in Klabin’s owned forests reduces the need to purchase wood from third parties, the main source of emissions within this procurement category, thereby contributing directly to lower reported emissions. The data used to calculate these emissions are collected from suppliers and customers through the Program’s assessment phase, which involves primary data collection. In addition, data quality has been enhanced through the continuous refinement of secondary data from the Ecoinvent database. Klabin conducts internal assessments to understand the sourcing of each purchased input better, enabling the use of emission factors that more accurately reflect actual conditions, even when those factors are secondary.

This Program focuses on engaging and developing suppliers and customers that are significant sources of GHG emissions to improve the measurement, management, and reduction of emissions across the value chain.

Reduction in GHG emissions resulting from mitigation initiatives

In 2025, Klabin reduced emissions associated with purchased electricity, calculated using the market-based approach, reflecting the Company's continued commitment to sourcing 100% of its electricity from renewable sources through renewable energy certificates.

Regarding Scope 3, the reduction was primarily driven by lower GHG emissions in the Purchased Goods and Services category (Category 1). This result reflects increased forestry productivity and improved data quality achieved through the Value Chain Engagement Program, an initiative that engages and supports suppliers and customers with the greatest impact on GHG emissions.